直接官网下载 Maven 然后解压安装，离线安装的话请先下载好上传到服务器

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wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/maven/maven-3/3.8.7/binaries/apache-maven-3.8.7-bin.tar.gz

解压安装

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tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.8.7-bin.tar.gz -C /app/service
mv /app/service/apache-maven-3.8.7 /app/service/maven

顺便创建本地仓库文件夹

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mkdir -pv /app/data/maven/repo

环境变量

设置当前用户环境变量：~/.bashrc，继承 /etc/profile 中的变量

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echo "export MAVEN_HOME=/app/service/maven" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:\$MAVEN_HOME/bin" >> ~/.bashrc

环境验证

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source ~/.bashrc
mvn -version

修改设置

修改 maven 目录下的 settings.xml 文件

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mv /app/service/maven/conf/settings.xml /app/service/maven/conf/settings.xml.bak
vi /app/service/maven/conf/settings.xml

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<settings>
  <!--设置本地仓库位置-->
  <localRepository>/app/data/maven/repo</localRepository>

  <servers>
    <!--设置私库认证信息（访问）-->
    <server>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <username></username>
      <password></password>
    </server>

    <!--设置私库认证信息（发布）-->
    <server>
      <id>nexus-releases</id>
      <username></username>
      <password></password>
    </server>

    <server>
      <id>nexus-snapshots</id>
      <username></username>
      <password></password>
    </server>
  </servers>

  <mirrors>
    <!--设置私有仓库，Maven 所有的请求都由私库处理-->
    <mirror>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <name>Nexus Releases Repository</name>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <url>http://192.168.254.100:8081/repository/public/</url>
    </mirror>

    <!--设置阿里云公共仓库-->
    <mirror>
      <id>aliyun</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <name>阿里云公共仓库</name>
      <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>

  <profiles>
    <!--设置 JDK 版本-->
    <profile>
      <id>jdk-1.8</id>
      <activation>
        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        <jdk>1.8</jdk>
      </activation>
      <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
      </properties>
    </profile>

    <!--设置私库信息-->
    <profile>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>nexus</id>
          <name>Nexus Releases Repository</name>
          <url>http://192.168.254.100:8081/repository/public/</url>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
          <releases>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
            <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
          </releases>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
      <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
          <id>nexus</id>
          <name>Nexus Releases Repository</name>
          <url>http://192.168.254.100:8081/repository/public/</url>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
          <releases>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </releases>
        </pluginRepository>
      </pluginRepositories>
    </profile>

    <!--覆盖中央仓库设置，开启 releases 和 snapshots 版本的下载-->
    <profile>
      <id>central</id>
      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>central</id>
          <url>http://central</url>
          <releases>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </releases>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
      <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
          <id>central</id>
          <url>http://central</url>
          <releases>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </releases>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
      </pluginRepositories>
    </profile>
  </profiles>

  <!--激活私库信息-->
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
    <activeProfile>central</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>
</settings>